Sperm Cryopreservation, also known as sperm freezing, is the process where sperm cells are cooled to very low temperatures, preserving them for future use. Sperm freezing provides a way for individuals to preserve their fertility and have the option to conceive biological children in the future, even if they are facing circumstances that may otherwise impair their reproductive capabilities.

Here's how the process generally works:

1. Sperm Collection: The first step involves collecting a semen sample from the individual, which is typically done through masturbation into a sterile cup. In some cases, such as after death or for men who cannot produce a sample through masturbation, sperm can also be retrieved directly from the testicles or epididymis through procedures like testicular sperm extraction (TESE) or percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA) respectively.
2. Processing: Once collected, the semen sample is processed in a laboratory. The semen is analyzed, and the sperm cells are separated from the seminal fluid. If the sample meets the criteria, the sperm is then mixed with a cryoprotectant solution, which helps protect the cells during the freezing and thawing process.
3. Freezing: The prepared sperm sample is then placed into vials, which are designed specifically for cryopreservation. These vials are gradually cooled to extremely low temperatures with liquid nitrogen vapors. This slow cooling process helps prevent the formation of ice crystals, which could damage the sperm cells.
4. Storage: Once the sperm sample is frozen, it is transferred to a storage tank filled with liquid nitrogen, where it can be stored indefinitely. Sperm stored in liquid nitrogen can remain viable for many years.
5. Thawing and Use: When the individual is ready to use the sperm, the vials are thawed in a controlled manner. The thawed sperm can then be used for various assisted reproductive techniques (ART), such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intrauterine insemination (IUI), depending on the individual's specific fertility needs.

Sperm freezing is a technique commonly used to preserve fertility for many men, including those who may be facing treatments like chemotherapy/radiation therapy or those undergoing procedures that may impact their fertility. Sperm Cryopreservation will prolong storage for sample use in the future.

• Sperm Freezing
• Semen Analysis
• Embryo Cryopreservation
• Oocyte preservation